Global hydrogen reservoirs in basement and basins

The authors are grateful to the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) for funding, through Grant NE/G00322X/1. Samples were kindly contributed by K. Condie, M.J. Hole, and D. Muirhead. We are grateful to reviewers for their criticism.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Coleridge: A computer tool for assisting musical reflection and self‐explanation

This paper examines some of the problems involved when learning how to compose music. A prototype computer‐based music tool called Coleridge is described. Coleridge was used in a study that investigated the dialogues that took place when a mentor attempted to encourage creative reflection in students. Results of dialogue analysis suggested that because learners seem unable to make accurate predictions about how a musical phrase will sound, there is a real need for a computer‐based learning assistant. Finally, the paper reports on how these findings were used to motivate the design of a mentor's assistant in a new version of Coleridge

Hydrogen from Radiolysis of Aqueous Fluid Inclusions during Diagenesis

Acknowledgments We are grateful to J. Bowie and J. Still for skilled technical support and the staff at ICL-UK’s Boulby mine (especially Thomas Edwards), STFC’s Boulby underground Laboratory and the UK Centre for Astrobiology MINAR programme team (especially Sean Paling) for their support and supervised access to the site. The critical comments of two reviewers helped to improve the manuscript. Author Contributions John Parnell undertook the sampling. Nigel Blamey performed all analytical work. John Parnell wrote the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Research on Europa's dust cloud at The Open University's HVI Laboratory

Space in the vicinity of Europa is populated by dust originating from its surface. Fragments of the surface are ejected due to meteroid hypervelocity impacts (but also they may originate from the sub-surface such as was found on Enceladus). It is assumed that orbit-based detection and analysis of material ejected from the Europan Surface may provide an alternative method for sampling Europan material without landing on the surface. Rleative impact speeds from these dust sources onto an in-orbit detector would, typically, be about 2 kms.This impact speed is generally too low for complete vapourisation of the impactor/target and the ejecta material could be caputured in-situ for further analysis. Our current work is aimed at the development of a new hybrid dust detector for any Europa orbiter as well as an understanding of Europa's dust cloud by mimicing micrometeoroid impact into simulated European regolith/ice. In this paper we present our latest research as well as the caility we have developed as a new laboratory in the filed of HVI physics

The role of bacterial plasmids in genetic transfer

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Studies related to the synthesis of tetracycline

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The Solomon Islands mathematics: Pedagogy in transition?

This article examines the transition of the Solomon Islands School of Education's primary and secondary mathematics education programme from a focus on content knowledge and teacher transmission, to a more activity-based, problem-solving, learner-centred approach. The ways the development team co-constructed that change so that it incorporated current mathematics education pedagogy, the Solomon Islands' Mathematics Curriculum document, and elements of Solomon Islands mathematics are described. How the team attempted to manage the dilemma between local educational imperatives and the globalisation of mathematics education is considered. Central to this are comparisons with international research on mathematics education pedagogy, while giving recognition to the situating of these within localised contexts. The article describes the ways the transition evolved, and how issues related to the change process, such as trust, culture, pedagogy and power, were engaged with, both proactively and incidentally. It will also consider lecturer/student reflection on the programme and the ways the changes may have influenced teaching. This article contends that change that is co-constructed and hinged to respectful partner relationships, will lead to greater participant autonomy and enhance the sustainability of the change. Finally, it poses questions that require subsequent examination for the transition to be sustainable

An Automated Framework for Structural Test-data Generation

Structural testing criteria are mandated in many software development standards and guidelines. The process of generating test data to achieve 100% coverage of a given structural coverage metric is labour-intensive and expensive. This paper presents an approach to automate the generation of such test data. The test-data generation is based on the application of a dynamic optimisation-based search for the required test data. The same approach can be generalised to solve other test-data generation problems. Three such applications are discussed-boundary value analysis, assertion/run-time exception testing, and component re-use testing. A prototype tool-set has been developed to facilitate the automatic generation of test data for these structural testing problems. The results of preliminary experiments using this technique and the prototype tool-set are presented and show the efficiency and effectiveness of this approac

Measuring the Cost of Capital in Australia

The cost of capital is the minimum rate of return that an investment project must earn in order to cover its funding costs and any tax liabilities. Australian studies on this subject have produced a wide range of estimates. This paper demonstrates that a wide range of outcomes can result from often arbitrary assumptions used in constructing measures of the cost of funds. The paper suggests that any conclusions drawn about intertemporal trends or international comparisons of the cost of capital should be treated with care. For managers, it serves as a reminder that the use of simple invariant rules-of-thumb for investment decisions may be inappropriate. In particular, changes of tax regime and inflation should be taken into account in setting ‘hurdle rates’ for investment proposals.